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Causes
- A brief history of climate change: who knew what, when
- What causes climate change?
- Would the climate be warming without humans?
- Is it just a cycle? (Earth’s wobbly orbit)
- Sunspots & solar activity
- Land use: agriculture & cities
- Volcanoes
- Ocean currents
- Black carbon & ash
- Blue hydrogen
- Greenhouse gases & how they work
- – Carbon dioxide & the carbon cycle
- – Methane (biogenic & ‘natural’ gas)
- – Nitrous oxide
- – Clouds & water vapour
- – Ozone
- – Man-made industrial chemicals
- – Aerosol pollution
- How to start an Ice Age!
- What’s in a name?
Effects
- Extreme weather (Event Attribution)
- Dangerous tipping points
- Feedback effects of warming
- Antarctic melting
- Greenland melting
- Arctic sea ice loss
- Ocean currents changing
- Melting permafrost & burning ice
- Marine heatwaves
- New Zealand’s disappearing glaciers
- Black carbon & ash on snow
- Oceans becoming more acidic
- Seasons are changing
- How we know about past climates: proxy data
Impacts
- Irreversible tipping points
- Aotearoa’s changing climate
- The forecast for Canterbury
- How hot could it get?
- What will it cost us?
- Floods
- Rising sea levels
- Canterbury sea levels
- Ocean acidfication
- Marine heatwaves
- Ocean currents
- More wildfires, less snow
- Black carbon & ash on snow
- Losing our glaciers
- Animal & plants moving or dying
- Biodiversity vanishing
- Broken life-support systems
- More diseases and pandemics
- Vanishing Arctic ice impacts NZ
Response
- What is being done?
- Adaptation
- IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
- Managed retreat from coasts and rivers
- Plant trees…but mostly pines!
- The emissions trading scheme: ETS
- The ‘carbon free’ economy
- Carbon capture & storage
- Enhanced mineral weathering
- Forecasting the future: NZ climate models
- The Paris Agreement
- NDCs: Nationally Determined Contributions
- Governments are bankrupting the carbon budget
- New Zealand policies & strategies
- Climate Change Commission
- Brief history of climate change: who knew what, when
Adaptation
- Adaptation on North Canterbury Coast: Tūhairara Coastal Park
- Retreating from coasts and rivers
- Exemplar Climate Adaptation Plan
- ECan: adaptation actions by local authorities
- Aotearoa New Zealand’s First National Adaptation Plan
- Coastal Adaptation: What does success look like
- Optmal Adaptation to Uncertain Climate Change
- NIWA: Serious games as a tool to engage people
- National Science Challenges (NSC): Innovations for adaptation
- NSC: Adaptation planning – communities
- NSC: Adaptation planning – maraes
- NSC: Embedding adaptation
- NSC: Vision Mātauranga Future Pathways
- Adaptive tools: water infrastructure compounded by climate change
- Maladaptation: ‘Carbon mining’ short term gain, long term pain
- Maladaptation: Coastal wetlands left high and dry under Ministry proposals
- Ngāi Tahu: Climate Change Strategy
- Loss and damage: What happens when climate change destroys lives and cultures?
Native Ecosystems
- Native ecosystems: our climate superheroes
- Our natural heritage
- The villains: predators & pests
- Our native forests
- Our soils: carbon super-sponges
- Our rivers & lakes
- Our wetlands
- Our dunes & coastal wetlands
- Our estuaries & hapua
- Our oceans: the ultimate climate superheroes
- Our blue carbon
- Seaweed
- Ecosystem services: free stuff from Nature
- Losing our biodiversity
- Plants & animals on the move!
Innovation
- Start here: overview
- Carbon Capture and Storage
- Storing CO2 in our rocks
- Carbon negative concrete
- Enhanced mineral weathering: store carbon in basalt soil fertiliser
- Biocement: bricks grown from microorganisms
- Blue carbon: seaweed/kelp
- Fungi absorbs 30% of emissions annually
- Hydrogen: blue, grey, red & green
- ___________________
- Add lime to reverse ocean acidification: field research
- Agrivoltaics on Canterbury farm
- Algae that cleans waterways & provides energy
- Artificial reefs to grow food and protect coasts
- Artificial reefs made from shellfish
- Breaking Boundaries: how you can be part of the solution
- Callaghan Innovation: clean tech NZ
- Carbon Crop: carbon farming assessment
- Carbon negative bio-thermoplastic
- Cellular agriculture: lab grown meat & milk (PDF NZ Govt)
- Climate Leaders Coalition NZ
- Creating Azola forests
- CO2 storage in the ocean + simultaneous deacidification (MIT PDF)
- Dunite: storing carbon in agricultural soils
- EECA: Energy Efficiency Authority
- EmGuard: NZ made biodegradable plant guards
- Environmental Defence Society
- Farm actions: assessing how nature-friendly they are
- Fungi-based packaging alternatives
- Generation Less
- GIDI: NZ Govt. investment in decarbonising industry
- Geoengineering
- Geoengineering: proposed principles
- International legal action to ‘stop ecocide’
- Landcare Research: greenhouse gases
- Nature-based solutions for our changing cities
- NIWA: climate research
- NZ Lawyers for Climate Action
- Policy & planning: how to avoid maladaptation
- Project Drawdown
- Reducing nitrous oxide in agriculture
- Reducing methane from cows
- Regenerative agriculture: National Science Challenges
- Regenerative agriculture: Quorum Sense
- RethinkX: disruptive technologies
- Sustainable Seas: National Science Challenge
- Transition Engineering: AEMS lab NZ
- 100% compostable drink bottles made in NZ
Ōtautahi Christchurch
- Can Christchurch plant its way out of climate change?
- Avon Forest Park
- Avon-Ōtākaro Network
- Avon-Heathcote Estuary Ihutai Trust
- Ōpāwaho Heathcote River Network
- Greening the Red Zone
- Travis Wetlands
- Styx Living Laboratory
- Cashmere Streamcare Trust
- Predator Free Port Hills
- Charlesworth Wetlands
- McCormacks Bay Wetland restoration
- Whaka-Ora Healthy Harbour
- Blue Cradle Marine Conservation
- Drinkable Rivers